Which of the following is NOT a common type of encumbrance?

Building permits are not considered a common type of encumbrance because encumbrances generally refer to claims, liens, or liabilities attached to a property that can affect its transferability, ownership, or the rights associated with it.

Liens, mortgages, and easements represent specific interests in a property that can impact its use or value. A lien is a legal claim against a property to secure payment of a debt, while a mortgage is a type of loan secured by the property itself. Easements provide rights for one party to use a portion of another party's property for a specific purpose.

In contrast, building permits are licenses issued by governmental authorities that allow for construction or certain alterations on a property. They do not encumber the property in the same way that the other options do, as they primarily relate to compliance with regulations rather than establishing a financial claim or right.